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Helen McNicoll’s
Subversive Femininity


Curated by Samantha Burton

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a young blonde girl wearing a white dress. She is standing in the middle of a field with tall grasses painted in yellows and light greens and dotted with small purple flowers. She is holding a large metal bucket and three chickens follow behind her. Small farm buildings and fences are seen in the top left of the frame.

In her short life, Montreal-born Helen McNicoll (1879–1915) helped popularize Impressionism in Canada and documented the role of women in the early twentieth century. Although her sunny representations of rural landscapes, intimate child subjects, and modern female figures appear conventional at first glance, they offer a unique insight into how gender was perceived. Painting in a style that was acceptable for women of her era, she nevertheless created images of female subjects that offered subtle critiques of their expected roles. Deaf from the age of two, McNicoll worked primarily in Europe and achieved considerable international success during her decade-long career. For more on Helen McNicoll read Samantha Burton’s Helen McNicoll: Life & Work.



About the Curator: Samantha Burton

Samantha Burton is a lecturer in the Department of Art History at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, where she held a SSHRC Postdoctoral Fellowship from 2013 to 2015. She earned her PhD from McGill University in 2012, receiving the Arts Insights award for best dissertation in the humanities and the Canadian Studies Network national dissertation prize.



Banner Image: Helen McNicoll, The Little Worker (detail), c.1907, oil on canvas, 61 x 51.3 cm, Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto.

Gallery

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a woman and two children, all dressed in white, outside on a sunny day. They are standing in a field with tall grass and trees blowing in the wind; a beach is seen in the distance. The woman is holding a white parasol and a young girl, facing away from the viewer, is holding onto her wide-brimmed hat.

Sunny September, 1913

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a woman sitting outside and reading under a parasol with a baby in a pram sleeping beside her. The pair are shaded by a tall tree and soft dappled light falls on the parasol and the baby's blanket.

In the Shadow of the Tree, c.1914

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a woman with strawberry blonde hair standing in the shade of a tree and reaching up into the branches. A nearly-full basket of apples sits on the ground beside her.

The Apple Gatherer, c.1911

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a young blonde girl wearing a white dress. She is standing in the middle of a field with tall grasses painted in yellows and light greens and dotted with small purple flowers. She is holding a large metal bucket and three chickens follow behind her. Small farm buildings and fences are seen in the top left of the frame.

The Little Worker, c.1907

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a warmly lit white room decorated in Victorian or Edwardian-era furnishings. A wooden dresser with a large mirror sits next to a fireplace. White linens cover a rocking chair and a seat by the window.

Interior, c.1910

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a woman in a white dress standing near an open door. Outside we can see a large tree while inside there is a dresser with a large mirror. The woman is sewing and looking down at a small piece of fabric in her hands.

The Open Door, c.1913

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of two women sitting on the beach under the shade of a tent. One woman, wearing a white dress, sits on a blanket and leans over a sketchbook. The other woman, wearing a hat and painting smock, looks in a box of painting materials on her lap. People playing in the water are visible near the top of the frame.

Under the Shadow of the Tent

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a brunette woman in a white dress seated on a sofa covered in a bright floral pattern. She is sewing and looking down at the fabric in her hands.

The Chintz Sofa, c.1913

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a brunette woman in a ballgown with a tiered white skirt. She is seated in front of a tall mirror, hands in her lap, and wearing a pink and red striped shawl around her shoulders.

The Victorian Dress, 1914

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a woman and two children, all dressed in white, outside on a sunny day. They are standing in a field with tall grass and trees blowing in the wind; a beach is seen in the distance. The woman is holding a white parasol and a young girl, facing away from the viewer, is holding onto her wide-brimmed hat.

Sunny September, 1913

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a woman sitting outside and reading under a parasol with a baby in a pram sleeping beside her. The pair are shaded by a tall tree and soft dappled light falls on the parasol and the baby's blanket.

In the Shadow of the Tree, c.1914

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a woman with strawberry blonde hair standing in the shade of a tree and reaching up into the branches. A nearly-full basket of apples sits on the ground beside her.

The Apple Gatherer, c.1911

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a young blonde girl wearing a white dress. She is standing in the middle of a field with tall grasses painted in yellows and light greens and dotted with small purple flowers. She is holding a large metal bucket and three chickens follow behind her. Small farm buildings and fences are seen in the top left of the frame.

The Little Worker, c.1907

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a warmly lit white room decorated in Victorian or Edwardian-era furnishings. A wooden dresser with a large mirror sits next to a fireplace. White linens cover a rocking chair and a seat by the window.

Interior, c.1910

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a woman in a white dress standing near an open door. Outside we can see a large tree while inside there is a dresser with a large mirror. The woman is sewing and looking down at a small piece of fabric in her hands.

The Open Door, c.1913

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of two women sitting on the beach under the shade of a tent. One woman, wearing a white dress, sits on a blanket and leans over a sketchbook. The other woman, wearing a hat and painting smock, looks in a box of painting materials on her lap. People playing in the water are visible near the top of the frame.

Under the Shadow of the Tent

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a brunette woman in a white dress seated on a sofa covered in a bright floral pattern. She is sewing and looking down at the fabric in her hands.

The Chintz Sofa, c.1913

Impressionist-style painting by Helen McNicoll of a brunette woman in a ballgown with a tiered white skirt. She is seated in front of a tall mirror, hands in her lap, and wearing a pink and red striped shawl around her shoulders.

The Victorian Dress, 1914

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